1 Al-Andalus (711–1492):
   ◦ Emirate of Córdoba (756–929)
   ◦ Caliphate of Córdoba (929–1031)
   ◦ Taifa Kingdoms (multiple periods: 11th–12th centuries, 12th–13th centuries)
   ◦ Almoravid Dynasty (1090–1147)
   ◦ Almohad Caliphate (1147–1238)
   ◦ Nasrid Kingdom of Granada (1238–1492)

2 The Maghreb:
   ◦ Regions controlled by various Islamic dynasties from the 7th century onward
   ◦ Morocco under the Idrisid dynasty (789–974)
   ◦ Dynasty periods vary, with continuous Islamic rule throughout the medieval period into the modern era.

3 Moorish Sicily (827–1091):
   ◦ Part of the Emirate of Sicily

4 The Balearic Islands:
   ◦ Periodically under Moorish control or influence from the 8th to the 13th century.

5 Parts of southern Italy (9th–11th centuries):
   ◦ Including raids and temporary settlements in regions such as Apulia and Calabria. 

6 Malta (870–1091):
   ◦ Part of the Emirate of Sicily

7 Territories of the Almoravid dynasty (1040–1147):
   ◦ Including parts of sub-Saharan West Africa

8 Territories of the Almohad Caliphate (1121–1269):
   ◦ Extended influence into parts of modern-day Mali and Mauritania

9 Sahel Region:
   ◦ The influence noted primarily during the peak of the Almoravids and Almohads, roughly from the 11th to the 13th centuries.